Fishing in Ucayali

Nestled in the lush lowlands of eastern Peru, Ucayali is a remote and captivating Amazonian region defined by vast rivers, rainforest wilderness, and indigenous culture. The provincial capital Pucallpa, located on the banks of the Ucayali River (one of the Amazon River’s major headwaters), serves as the primary access point for anglers looking to explore the pristine jungle waterways. Reach Pucallpa by domestic flight from Lima, then continue to fishing lodges or river camps via boat or 4x4. Fishing here isn’t just a sport—it’s an adventure. Ucayali offers untouched Amazonian river systems, hidden oxbow lakes, and floodplain lagoons, teeming with powerful and unique freshwater species. The tropical rainforest climate means hot, humid days and frequent rains, particularly from November through April. Navigating the Amazon safely and respectfully requires good preparation and local knowledge. Pack lightweight, breathable clothing. Insect repellent, sun protection, and waterproof bags are must-haves. Bring gear suitable for hot, humid, and wet conditions. Consult your doctor about vaccines (e.g., yellow fever) and malaria prophylaxis before traveling. Drink only purified water. Practice catch-and-release where appropriate, and support eco-conscious tourism. Travel to remote fishing areas often involves boat journeys, jungle lodges, and encounters with wildlife, making it essential to plan carefully and go with experienced local operators. Choose trips operated by established outfitters or indigenous-run lodges. Read our blog for tips and allures of a fishing trips into the Amazon.

Ucayali’s rivers are teeming with exotic and powerful species. Among the most sought-after are peacock bass (Cichla), known locally as tucunaré, which strike aggressively and fight hard. Another key targets are the arapaima, one of the biggest freshwater fishes, and the piraíba or lau-lau, a monstrous Amazonian catfish that can grow well over 100 kg (220 lbs). Other notable species include redtail catfish (pirarara), surubí (tiger shovelnose catfish), pacu, oscars, and the notorious piranha, which provide fun light tackle action and are often caught in great numbers. Antlers can also target jacundá and various cichlids and characins.

The fishing techniques used in Ucayali depend on the species and habitat. Live bait fishing—with small fish, worms, or chunks of meat—is commonly used for large catfish and other predators, especially in the main river channels. Spinning is effective in the backwaters, with surface lures such as poppers and floating soft baits preferred for the peacock bass. Fly fishing is becoming more popular, especially in shallower lagoons and tributaries with clean water. Even the vegetarian black pacu may be seduced by a fly that imitates berries and nuts this species picks from the surface. The giant arapaima also takes the fly, whereas for the big catfish species like the piraíba, you would have to use bottom fishing techniques. In any case, heavy gear, strong braided line, and patience are essential. It would be a waste of time to fish for arapaima with anything lighter than a 12-weight, and the rainbow bass can snap lines twice its own weight. Local guides can help choose the right tackle and tactics depending on seasonal water levels and specific fishing zones.